歴史暦:古今東西、今日の出來事

世界が心配、日本が心配、世界のなかの日本が心配

11/08:砂漠の眞ん中に立つ一本の木のごとく「私は世界の歴史の中心に立つ

Art of Heart ∈ 思考 69 空想 ∋ Word of World

Le désert du Ténéré
この砂漠の眞ん中にたゞ一本となった木が立ってゐた

歴史暦:古今東西 11/08 今日の出來事



0035/1108:12ロウマ皇帝 Nerva 003598、誕生

012RE、:Marcus Cocceius Nerva Caesar Augustus

ネルウァは、ユリウス=クラウディウス朝の最後の皇帝となったNero 003768、その後に成立したフラウィウス朝に立身出世した。ネロの時代にはピソの陰謀を防いだ功績がある。ネロが自殺した後の内亂ではフラウィウス朝を支持、ウェスパシアヌス帝から執政官に任じられ、その後継者のティトゥスドミティアヌスの時代にも執政官に任じられるなど重用された。
ドミティアヌスが暗殺された後、元老院ネルウァを皇帝に推挙した。この時、彼はすでに六十五歳の老齢であった。そのために、中繼ぎ的な皇帝と思はれ、それぞれの思惑を持つ元老院、殊に軍の掌握に苦勞し、實力者の將軍トラヤヌスを後継者に指名することを条件にした。
こんな苦勞が骨身にこたへたのか、ネルウァは即位から十五ヶ月後に病氣で崩去し、トラヤヌスが義理の息子となって皇帝を繼承した。

0960/1108:ビザンチン「Battle of Andrassos」
Byzantines under Leo Phokas the Younger score a crushing victory over the Hamdanid Emir of Aleppo, Sayf al-Dawla.

 
 

1278/1108:China[大越]、陳朝皇帝「聖宗 ⇨ 仁宗」
Trần Thánh Tông, the second emperor of the Trần dynasty, decides to pass the throne to his crown prince Trần Khâm and take up the post of Retired Emperor.

陳聖宗124090:大越陳朝の第二代皇帝。
1258、父の太宗から譲位されて即位。實權は太上皇となった父が掌握。
1278、前年に父が崩去するとこの年、子の仁宗に譲位して太上皇帝となり、父同様に摂政した。

1308/1108:Johannes Duns Scotus 126608、死去

He is generally considered to be one of the three most important philosopher-theologians of the High Middle Ages.
The doctrines for which he is best known are the "univocity of being," that existence is the most abstract concept we have, applicable to everything that exists; the formal distinction, a way of distinguishing between different aspects of the same thing; and the idea of haecceity, the property supposed to be in each individual thing that makes it an individual. Scotus also developed a complex argument for the existence of God, and argued for the Immaculate Conception of Mary.
スコットランドのバウィックシャの Duns で誕生。オックスフォドとパリで学ぶ。
1302年からパリ大學で教壇に立った。
最後はケルンで教へ、そこで亡じた。


1494/1108:Melozzo da Forlì 143894、死去

un pittore e architetto italiano, massimo esponente della scuola forlivese di pittura nel XV secolo.


Sisto IV nomina il Platina prefetto della biblioteca Vaticana

ルネサンス期イタリアの画家。ウンブリア画派に近い。短縮遠近法の実践に成功した最初の人物
おそらく1465年と1475年の間、ウルビーノ公国に移り住んだ。そこでメロッツォは優れた理論と正確さを持ち合わせたピエロ・デラ・フランチェスカと出会った。そのピエロがメロッツォの遠近技法に強い影響を与えた。さらにメロッツォはドナト・ブラマンテやフランドルの美術家たちから建築学を学び、それからフェデリーコ・ダ・モンテフェルトロ公に仕えた。おそらくメロッツォは、有名なドゥカーレ宮殿のストゥディオーロ(書斎)の装飾を、ヨース・ファン・ワッセンホフ(ゲントのユストゥス)やペドロ・ベルゲーデと共に手掛けたものと思われる。

1494/1108:イタリア、メヂチ家のフィレンチェ支配、終る
Con Piero de 'Medici lasciando la città, la regola dei Medici termina a Firenze per la prima volta.


1519/1108:Conquista española de México
Hernán Cortés llega a la capital azteca de Tenochtitlán y es recibido con gran esfuerzo por Moctezuma II.

Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with a great celebration.
コルテスがアステカ帝国の首都テノチティトランに進軍。メキシコ侵攻を開始。


1520/1108:スヱデン「Stockholm Bloodbath」 begins
: A successful invasion of Sweden by Danish forces results in the execution of around 100 people.

The Danish King Christian II, crowned King of Sweden four days earlier, breaks his promise of an amnesty and has numerous Swedish nobles executed in the Stockholm carnage to weaken the supporters of Sten Sturge the Younger and enforce the Kalmar Union.
スヱデン人のカルマル同盟からの独立運動を鎮圧した国王クリスチャン2が反亂の指導者ら百名以上を翌日、處刑。


この血の肅清によりスヱデンでの反亂は暫くは起こるまいとクリスチャンは思ったらうが、逆にこの事件はスヱデン人の怨念に火を投ずることになった。その中心的存在になったのは、この肅清で父を奪はれた騎士のグスタフ・ヴァサであった。彼はスヱデンの北部に逃れ、そこで叛亂軍を組織し、獨立派の主將となってスヱデンの獨立を勝ち取った。この若き英雄こそ、後のスヱデン王となったグスタフ1であった。
{そして、歴史は繰り返されていく、といふわけだ。

1576/1108:八十年戰爭(Guerra de Ochenta Años)
: La Pacificación de Gante reúne a todas las provincias holandesas contra los españoles con la demanda de tolerancia religiosa y la retirada de las tropas españolas.

Eighty Years' War: Pacification of Ghent: The States General of the Netherlands meet and unite to oppose Spanish occupation.

1599/1108:Francisco Guerrero 152899、死去

un compositore spagnolo.
スペインの作曲家
様式史からみると、彼の時代のスペインで流行していたホモフォニを好み、特に彼の様式で特徴的な点は、機能和声的な作曲法を先取りしている点である。


1600/1108(慶長05/1003):長束正家156200、死去

長束「Nazuka あるいは Nagatsuka」
はじめ丹羽長秀153585に仕へたが、1595豊臣秀吉153798の奉公衆に抜擢された。算術能力に勝れ財政を一手に擔當、豐臣氏の藏入地の管理や太閤檢地を実施した。
1586、本多忠勝154810の妹の榮子を正室に迎へた。
秀吉歿後は石田三成156000方に與したが、家康の伏見城入城を阻止できず、前田玄似153902とともに家康に會津征伐の中止を請願したが聞きいれなかったためか、家康暗殺を陰謀してゐるといふ噂が立てられた。

1600、關ヶ原戰で敗走、根城の水口城を目前に山岡道阿彌に拒まれたが、入城に成功するも、本領の安堵を約束され、城を出た所で捕縛され、切腹。享年三十九。首は家臣らとともに京都三条橋で晒された。

1602/1108:イギリス、オクスフォウドの圖書館、一般開放
The Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford is opened to the public.


1605/1108:イギリス「GunPowder Plot」Robert Catesby, ringleader of the Gunpowder Plotters, is killed.

At Holbeach House, Staffordshire, two out of every six plotters in the Gunpowder plot of 5 November are shot dead on arrest. Among the killed is the leader Robert Catesby.

1674/1108:John Milton 160874、死去

an English poet, polemicist, man of letters, and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England under Oliver Cromwell.
He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval, and is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost (1667), written in blank verse.


1614/1108:Japan[戰國時代]、大名高山右近、ルソン(フィリピン)へ追放
Japanese daimyō Dom Justo Takayama is exiled to the Philippines by shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu for being Christian.

加賀の前田家の世話になってゐた右近は、徳川幕府キリシタン國外追放令により、加賀を退去して長崎から家族ともども追放された内藤ジョアンらとともにルソンのマニラへと船出した。マニラではスペインの總督らから大歓迎を受けた。が、すでに六十を越す老齢の右近は、船旅の疲れや慣れぬ機構のせゐか病に冒され、マニラ到着からわづか四十日で他界した。
 

1620/1108:三十年戰爭「Battle of White Mountain」始まって終る
 takes place near Prague, ending in a decisive Catholic victory in only two hours.

At the Battle of the White Mountain at the beginning of the Thirty Years' War Charles Bonaventure de Longueval defeated Comte de Bucquoy, the commander of the Catholic League, the Bohemian estates under their King Frederick V of the Palatinate and his army commander Christian I of Anhalt.


1627/1108:La bataille du pont du Feneau
 fut la dernière bataille de l'invasion de l'Île de Ré par les forces britanniques venues apporter leur aide à la rébellion huguenote de La Rochelle. Cet échec final força les Britanniques à se replier vers l'Angleterre.


1644/1108:China[清] Shunzhi Emperor 順治帝
(the third emperor of the Qing 清 dynasty)is enthroned in Beijing after the collapse of the Ming dynasty as the first Qing emperor to rule over China.

 


1658/1108:Bataille de l'Öresund
 qui voit la victoire de la flotte néerlandaise, venue secourir ses alliés danois, sur la flotte suédoise.

In the Battle of Oresund in the Second Nordic War, the Dutch fleet of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces remains victorious against the Swedish fleet under the command of Carl Gustav Wrangels.

1685/1108:
Im Edikt von Potsdam gewährt der Große Kurfürst Friedrich Wilhelm den französischen Hugenotten Privilegien und eine sichere Heimstatt in Brandenburg.

In the Edict of Potsdam, the Great Elector Friedrich Wilhelm grants the French Huguenots privileges and a secure home in Brandenburg.

1745/1108:ジャコバイト蜂起:
Charles Edward Stuart invades England with an army of ~5000 that would later participate in the Battle of Culloden.

 


1793/1108:フランス革命政府、ルウブル宮を美術館として一般開放
A Paris, le Louvre est rendu accessible au peuple par le gouvernement révolutionnaire et transformé en musée.


1798/1108:イギリス人、Nauru 發見
British Captain John Fearn lands on the island of Nauru as the first European and calls it Pleasant Island because of the great friendliness of its inhabitants.



1811/1108:Battle of Tippecanoe
: Following the Indian Federation's attack the day before, Governor William Harrison sends spies to the Native American camp, finds it deserted and burns down the village. According to other sources, this leads to a massacre of women and children.


1840/1108:Nathaniel Mayer Rothschild、誕生

a British banker and politician from the wealthy international Rothschild family.

1847/1108:Abraham "Bram" Stoker 184712

an Irish author, best known today for his 1897 Gothic novel Dracula. During his lifetime, he was better known as the personal assistant of actor Henry Irving and business manager of the Lyceum Theatre in London, which Irving owned.

1848/1108:Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege 184825、誕生

ein deutscher Logiker, Mathematiker und Philosoph.
Seine herausragende Leistung auf dem Gebiet der Logik besteht darin, als erster eine formale Sprache und, damit zusammenhängend, formale Beweise entwickelt zu haben. Er schuf dadurch eine wesentliche Grundlage für die heutige Computertechnik und Informatik sowie für formale Methoden in der linguistischen Semantik.

1853/1108:天文
John Russell Hind discovers the asteroid Euterpe.


1861/1108:American Civil War: The "Trent Affair":
 The USS San Jacinto stops the British mail ship Trent and arrests two Confederate envoys, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the UK and US.


1864/1108:USA、大統領選擧、リンカン再選
With an overwhelming vote, Republican incumbent Abraham Lincoln is re-elected to the US presidential election during the American Civil War. His Democratic challenger George McClellan, who has argued for a negotiated settlement with the Confederates, can only choose three US states in his favor.


1867/1108:ウエルズd炭坑爆發
In the Welsh coal mine Ferndale Colliery two explosions occur, which result in the death of 178 men and boys.


1869/1108:Felix Hausdorff 176942、誕生

deutscher Mathematiker.
Er gilt als Mitbegründer der allgemeinen Topologie und lieferte wesentliche Beiträge zur allgemeinen und deskriptiven Mengenlehre, zur Maßtheorie, Funktionalanalysis und Algebra.

ユダヤ人収容所への送致が決まると、ユダヤ人のハウスドルフは國外逃亡は諦めて、妻と妻の妹とともに自殺した。

1877/1108:Karel Sabina 181377、死去

a Czech writer and journalist.

Death
Sabina died in poverty and scorn in 1877, the general exhaustion being given as the cause of death.

1849、サビナは『May Coup(バクニンの死相影響を受けてプラハで反亂計画を立てた団体)』に参加したことを理由に逮捕された。
1851、サビナは他の二十四人とともに死刑判決を受ける。が、皇帝フランツヨーゼフ一世によって、懲役十八年に変更され、オロモウツ刑務所に収監。判決から六年後、フランツヨーゼフがおこなった恩赦によって釈放される。釈放後は、プラハに戻り、の作家となった。
この後、スメタナのオペラ『ボヘミアブランデンブルク人』のリブレットを執筆。更にオペラ『売られた花嫁』のリブレットもスメタナに提供している。

1887/1108:John Henry "Doc" Holliday 185187、死去

an American gambler, gunfighter, and dentist, and a good friend of Wyatt Earp. He is best known for his role as a temporary deputy marshal in the events leading up to and following the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Doc_HollidayatAge20.jpg March 1872, age 20,
In 1887, prematurely gray and badly ailing, Holliday made his way to the Hotel Glenwood, near the hot springs of Glenwood Springs, Colorado.[62] He hoped to take advantage of the reputed curative power of the waters, but the sulfurous fumes from the spring may have done his lungs more harm than good.[8]:217 As he lay dying, Holliday is reported to have asked the nurse attending him for a shot of whiskey. When she told him no, he looked at his bootless feet, amused. The nurses said that his last words were, "This is funny."[6] He always figured he would be killed someday with his boots on.[2]:372 Holliday died at 10am on November 8, 1887. He was 36.

1884/1108:Hermann Rorschach 188422、誕生

ein freudianischer Schweizer Psychiater und Psychoanalytiker. Er entwickelte ein Formdeutungsverfahren („Tintenklecks-Test“), das als Rorschachtest bekannt wurde.
ロウルシャハは1906年にロシアとベルリンに留学し、精神医学の教授を務めていたスイス出身のEugen Bleuler 185739の弟子となり、一般精神医学や特殊精神療法学、臨床精神療法学などを学んだ。その他に、同じスイス出身の Carl Gustav Jung 187561 の「ヒステリ」にかなする精神病理学を聴講したりもした。

1885/1108:山下奉文188546、誕生

日本の陸軍大将
二二六事件によって彼の運命は支配されつづけた。

1887/1108:John Henry "Doc" Holliday 185187、死去

an American gambler, gunfighter, and dentist, and a good friend of Wyatt Earp. He is best known for his role as a temporary deputy marshal in the events leading up to and following the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral.

 March 1872, age 20,
Death
In 1887, prematurely gray and badly ailing, Holliday made his way to the Hotel Glenwood, near the hot springs of Glenwood Springs, Colorado. He hoped to take advantage of the reputed curative power of the waters, but the sulfurous fumes from the spring may have done his lungs more harm than good.
As he lay dying, Holliday is reported to have asked the nurse attending him for a shot of whiskey. When she told him no, he looked at his bootless feet, amused. The nurses said that his last words were, "This is funny." He always figured he would be killed someday with his boots on.
Holliday died at 10am on November 8, 1887. He was 36.

1887/1108:ドイツ人「Gramophone」特許
Emil Berliner receives the Reichspatent on his sound reproduction device with rotatable record. The gramophone replaced after the turn of the century more and more the roller phonograph by Thomas Alva Edison.



1890/1108:César Auguste Franck 182290、死去

professeur, organiste et compositeur belge, naturalisé français en 18701, est l'une des grandes figures de la vie musicale française de la seconde partie du XIXe siècle.


1892/1108:USA、ジェネスト
The New Orleans general strike begins, uniting black and white American trade unionists in a successful four-day general strike action for the first time.


1894/1108:假名垣魯文182994

江戸末期から明治初頭にかけての戯作者、新聞記者。江戸は京橋の生まれ。

1895/1108:ドイツ人のレントゲン「X線」發見
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen entdeckt die Röntgenstrahlen.

While experimenting with electricity, Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the X-ray.

レントゲンの奥さんの手ださうです。

1895/1108: 日本と清『遼東半島還付条約』に調印。


1900/1108:Margaret Mitchell 190049、誕生

n American author and journalist.
One novel by Mitchell was published during her lifetime, the American Civil War-era novel, Gone with the Wind, for which she won the National Book Award for Most Distinguished Novel of 1936 and the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1937.

1901/1108:ギリシアアテネ「Gospel riots」
: Bloody clashes take place in Athens following the translation of the Gospels into demotic Greek.


1907/1108:パリとロンドンの新聞、ファクシミリによる画像転送に成功
The Paris newspaper L'Illustration launches the first public image transmission by facsimile telegraph and submarine cable. Twelve minutes later, the photograph of King Edward VII arrives at the London Daily Mirror. The two newspapers acquire the rights to the device developed by Arthur Korn.


1916/1108:Peter Weiss 191682、誕生

ein deutsch-schwedischer Schriftsteller, Maler, Grafiker und Experimentalfilmer.

Internationalen Erfolg erzielte er mit dem Stück Marat/Sade, das mit dem US-Theater- und Musicalpreis „Tony Award“ ausgezeichnet wurde.
{私は Pブルックによる映画で見て、非常に刺戟された。史劇の形式として、たとへば(こっちは小説だが)安部公房192493の『榎本武揚』なとどともに、歴史と物語の絡みあひに思ひをいたされたのを思ひだす。

1917/1108:ロシア「十月革命ソビエト連邦

The first Council of People's Commissars is formed, including Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin.
Lénine devient Président du Conseil des commissaires du Peuple de RSFSR.
В Известиях опубликован указ о земле, созданный Лениным. Компенсация земель землевладельцев, церквей и государственных областей без компенсации набирает сельское население для большевиков.
(In Izvestia, the decree on land created by Lenin is published. The compensation of the lands of landowners, churches and state domains without compensation is gaining the rural population for the Bolsheviks.

1918/1108:ドイツ人、ミュンヘン「革命へ
Kurt Eisner ruft in München während der Novemberrevolution in der ersten Sitzung der Arbeiter- und Soldatenräte im Mathäser die Republik Bayern als Freistaat aus und erklärt das herrschende Königshaus der Wittelsbacher für abgesetzt. Eisner wird vom Münchner Arbeiter- und Soldatenrat zum ersten Ministerpräsidenten gewählt, der in der Folge eine Regierung des Volksstaates Bayern bildet.

=Kurt Eisner proclaims the Republic of Bavaria as a Free State in Munich during the November Revolution in the first session of the Workers 'and Soldiers' Councils in Mathäser and declares the ruling royal house of the Wittelsbacher deposed. Eisner is elected by the Munich Workers 'and Soldiers' Council to the first Prime Minister, which subsequently forms a government of the people's state of Bavaria.

1923/1108:Jack Kilby 192305、誕生

an American electrical engineer who took part (along with Robert Noyce) in the realization of the first integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments (TI) in 1958. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics

1923/1108:ドイツ人「ミュンヘン一揆」勃發
Hitler-Ludendorff-Putsch: Adolf Hitler besetzt mit Erich Ludendorff, Hermann Göring und anderen Nationalsozialisten den Bürgerbräukeller in München und verkündet, die „nationale Revolution“ sei ausgebrochen und die Reichsregierung der Weimarer Republik abgesetzt.

Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government.

1925/1108:ドイツ人「健康的遊戲道具」發明
Otto Feick erhält ein Patent auf das Rhönrad.

 
{さう云へば、あったな。一時期。日本では、何時頃だったっけ。遊戲やスポウツとして流行するには、器具が大きすぎると思った。

1927/1108:Patti Page 192713、誕生

an American singer of traditional pop music and country music. She was the top-charting female vocalist and best-selling female artist of the 1950s, selling over 100 million records during a six-decade long career.

1933/1108:若尾文子1933--、誕生

日本の女優

1933/1108:USA、大統領選擧
In the US presidential election during the Great Depression, Democratic challenger Franklin D. Roosevelt manages a landslide victory over Republican incumbent Herbert C. Hoover.



1933/1108:

A student kills Mohammed Nadir Shah, the king of Afghanistan. His son Mohammed Sahir Shah follows the assassination attempt on the throne.

1935/1108:Alain Delon 1935--、誕生

フランスの男優
私のアランドロンはこの場面に集約されます。『太陽がいっぱい』の物語がこの場面に凝縮され、


1936/1108:En la Guerra Civil Española,
 las fuerzas del gobierno republicano y las Brigadas Internacionales logran detener el avance de los golpistas bajo Francisco Franco en Madrid. Sin embargo, la batalla por Madrid continúa durante todo el mes de noviembre.

Spanish Civil War: Francoist troops fail in their effort to capture Madrid, but begin the 3-year Siege of Madrid afterwards.

1937/1108:ドイツナチス『永遠なるユダヤ人』展、開催
The Nazi exhibition Der ewige Jude ("The Eternal Jew") opens in Munich.

Propagandaminister Joseph Goebbels eröffnet in der Bibliothek des Deutschen Museums in München die Schau Der ewige Jude. Die Wanderausstellung soll die Bevölkerung im Rahmen der antisemitischen Rassismusideologie der aNationalsozialisten gegen ihre jüdischen Mitbürger aufhetzen.
=Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels opens the show The Eternal Jew in the library of the Deutsches Museum in Munich. The traveling exhibition is intended to incite the population against their Jewish fellow citizens in the context of the anti-Semitic racist ideology of the National Socialists.



1939/1108:WWⅡ「スパイ合戰」Venlo Incident
: Two British agents of SIS are captured by the Germans.


1939/1108:ドイツ、ミュンヘンでヒトラ暗殺、失敗
Bei Georg Elsers Attentat auf Adolf Hitler und die Führung der NSDAP im Münchener Bürgerbräukeller kommen acht Menschen ums Leben. Hitler selbst hat das Lokal jedoch bereits 13 Minuten früher verlassen.

In Munich, Adolf Hitler narrowly escapes the assassination attempt of Georg Elser while celebrating the 16th anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch.
Georg Elser commet un attentat à la bombe contre Adolf Hitler.

Georg Eisner

1940/1108:Greco-Italian War:
 The Italian invasion of Greece fails as outnumbered Greek units repulse the Italians in the Battle of Elaia–Kalamas.


1942/1108:WWⅡ: French Resistance coup in Algiers,
 in which 400 civilian French patriots neutralize Vichyist XIXth Army Corps after 15 hours of fighting, and arrest several Vichyst generals, allowing the immediate success of Operation Torch in Algiers.

During the Second World War, British troops and Americans land in North Africa as part of Operation Torch, opening up a two-front war in the African campaign.

1947/1108:タイ、
In Thailand putscht das Heer unter Feldmarschall Phin Choonhavan gegen die zivile Regierung von Thawan Thamrongnawasawat.


1949/1108:カンボディア、
Cambodia receives formal independence from France as a member of the French Union.


1950/1108:コリア、
Korean War: United States Air Force(while piloting an F-80 Shooting Star)shoots down two North Korean MiG-15s in the first jet aircraft-to-jet aircraft dogfight in history.

米軍のジェット戦闘機F-80が北朝鮮軍のMiG-15を撃墜。史上初のジェット機戦。

1956/1108:Japan「南極観測」
南極観測船「宗谷」で、日本初の南極観測隊(南極地域観測予備隊)が東京港を出航。


1957/1108:USA、旅客機失踪
Pan Am Flight 7 disappears between San Francisco and Honolulu. Wreckage and bodies are discovered a week later.


1957/1108:UK、太平洋で「多段階熱核反応兵器」実験、成功
Operation Grapple X, Round C1: The United Kingdom conducts its first successful hydrogen bomb test over Kiritimati in the Pacific.

イギリスによる初めて成功した多段階熱核反応兵器実験。(グラップル X)

1960/1108:USA、大統領選擧、ケネディ大逆転
Democrat John F. Kennedy narrowly defeats Republican Richard M. Nixon in the US presidential election, making him the youngest US president to date.



1964/1108:三代目三遊亭金馬189464、死去

落語家、

1965/1108:ベトナム、戰爭
The 173rd Airborne is ambushed by over 1,200 Viet Cong in Operation Hump during the Vietnam War, while the 1st Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment fight one of the first set-piece engagements of the war between Australian forces and the Viet Cong at the Battle of Gang Toi.


1965/1108:Japan「テレビ」
11PM』(日本テレビ系列)放送開始。


1970/1108:Napoleon Hill 188370、死去

an American self-help author.
He is known best for his book Think and Grow Rich (1937) which is among the 10 best selling self-help books of all time
Hill's works insisted that fervid expectations are essential to improving one's life. Most of his books were promoted as expounding principles to achieve "success".


Think and Grow Rich
Hill writes that he was inspired by a suggestion from business magnate and later-philanthropist Andrew Carnegie.
The 13 "steps" listed in the book are:
 Desire
 Faith
 Autosuggestion
 Specialized Knowledge
 Imagination
 Organized Planning
 Decision
 Persistence
 Power of the Master Mind
 The Mystery of Sex Transmutation
 The Subconscious Mind
 The Brain
 The Sixth Sense

The Law of Success
This book was Hill's first major success, allowing Hill to adopt an opulent lifestyle. By 1929, he had already bought a Rolls-Royce and a six-hundred acre property in the Catskill Mountains, with the aid of some lenders

Philosophy of Achievement

{競馬で勝つ唯一の方法は『競馬で勝つ』といふ本を出すこととはよく云はれることだが、「成功哲學」も「自己啓發」も似たやうなものだらう。成功に近道も王道もなく、自己啓發が書が實際に役立つのかどうか、結果論から云へば、云ふまでもあるまい。スティヴジョブスの信者は數多いだらうが、ジョブスをいくら學んでもジョブスのやうにはなれない。そんな簡単なことも解らず、本を手にする …… いつだって、騙される奴と騙す野郎がゐるといふわけだ。
 

1971/1108:PopC
The British band Led Zeppelin releases the album (Led Zeppelin IV). It contains their most famous song, Stairway to Heaven.


1972/1108:
HBO launches its programming, with the broadcast of the 1971 movie Sometimes a Great Notion, starring Paul Newman and Henry Fonda.


1973/1108:Arbre du Ténéré、史上一番(おそらく)孤獨だった木
The remains of the Arbre du Ténéré, the "most isolated tree in the world" are brought to the National Museum in Niamey.

テネレの木(Arbre du Ténéré)は、ニジェル中央部のテネレ砂漠に一本だけ立っていた木。地球上で最も孤立した場所に立っていた木として知られ、最も近い他の木から200km以上も離れた場所に立っていた
 
1973: der ehemalige Arbre du Ténéré

{寫眞を見て感動し、記事を讀んでさらに感動した。あゝ私もこうありたいものよ。ま、こんな感じではあるけれど。




1973/1108:USA「
The right ear of John Paul Getty III is delivered to a newspaper together with a ransom note, convincing his father to pay US$2.9 million.


1977/1108:ギリシア人の考古學者、フィリプ2の古墳、發見

Manolis Andronikos(a Greek archaeologist and professor at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki)discovers the tomb of Philip II of Macedon at Vergina.

1987/1108:IRA「Remembrance Day bombing」
: A Provisional IRA bomb explodes in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland during a ceremony honouring those who had died in wars involving British forces. Twelve people are killed and sixty-three wounded.


1987/1108:Japan、女子プロゴルファ、岡本綾子
LPGAツアーで初のアメリカ人以外の賞金女王となる。


1994/1108:USA「Republican Revolution」
: On the night of the 1994 United States midterm elections, Republicans make historic electoral gains by securing massive majorities in both houses of congress (54 seats in the House and eight seats in the Senate, additionally). Thus bringing a close to four decades of Democratic domination.


1998/1108:Jean Marais 191398、死去

Jean-Alfred Villain Marais
シェルブウルで生まれカンヌで死ぬ
un acteur français, il est également metteur en scène, écrivain, peintre, sculpteur, potier et cascadeur.


2000/1108:Japan「赤軍の女王」重信房子
ハーグ事件で国際手配になっていた日本赤軍最高幹部の重信房子が逮捕。


2002/1108:Iraq disarmament crisis
: UN Security Council Resolution 1441: The United Nations Security Council unanimously approves a resolution on Iraq, forcing Saddam Hussein to disarm or face "serious consequences".


2004/1108:War in Iraq
: More than 10,000 U.S. troops and a small number of Iraqi army units participate in a siege on the insurgent stronghold of Fallujah.


2011/1108:小惑星、地球最接近、通過
The potentially hazardous asteroid 2005 YU55 passes 0.85 lunar distances from Earth (about 324,600 kilometres or 201,700 miles), the closest known approach by an asteroid of its brightness since 2010 XC15 in 1976.

23:28 (UTC)、直径400mの308635番小惑星「2005 YU55」が地球から32万5000kmの地点を通過。観測史上初めて、直径が100m以上の小惑星が月の軌道の内側に入り込む。
 

2011/1108:Japan「オリンパス不正経理事件」
一部上場企業オリンパスが1990年代からの約20年間に亘る損失隠しを発表し、巨額不正経理問題に発展。

 

2013/1108:フィリピン「Typhoon」
Typhoon Haiyan, one of the strongest tropical cyclones ever recorded, strikes the Visayas region of the Philippines; the storm left at least 6340 people dead with over 1000 still missing, and caused $2.86 billion (2013 USD) in damage.


2016/1108:USA、大統領選擧、大番狂はせ
Donald Trump, candidate of the Republican Party, wins the US presidential election. In addition, the Republicans each secure the majority in the Senate and in the House of Representatives of the United States.




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